Mangroves, unique coastal ecosystems found in tropical and subtropical regions, serve as vital bio-shields against natural disasters. Their dense root systems stabilize shorelines, reduce erosion, and provide critical habitats for diverse marine life.

In December 2024, The Bahamas announced a plan to refinance $300 million of its external debt to generate $120 million for marine conservation over the next 15 years. This debt-for-nature swap, conducted in partnership with the Nature Conservancy, aims to protect ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses, crucial for carbon sequestration and coastal protection.

In Benin, traditional practices have been integrated into modern conservation strategies to protect mangrove ecosystems. Since 2011, portions of mangrove forests have been designated as sacred, prohibiting activities like fishing, hunting, and logging. This approach has led to significant expansion of mangrove areas, demonstrating the effectiveness of combining indigenous knowledge with environmental conservation efforts.

Despite these developments, there is a need to do more. In El Salvador, mangrove forests continue to face threats from urbanization, agriculture, and climate change. Over 60% of the country’s mangroves have been lost since 1950, increasing vulnerability to natural disasters. Local communities and organizations are implementing conservation initiatives, but the scale of destruction poses significant hurdles.

Globally, concerns have been raised regarding infrastructure projects affecting mangrove ecosystems. The proposed Mackay Port Access Road project in  Australia intended to alleviate traffic congestion, threatens 20 hectares of protected mangrove estuaries. Experts argue that such developments could undermine the ecological integrity of these vital coastal buffers, emphasizing the need for careful planning.

As per UN reports, mangroves store up to 10 billion tons of carbon globally, so their protection is a priority for strong climate action. The Mangrove Breakthrough initiative, launched at COP28, aims to restore and protect 15 million hectares of mangroves by 2030.

In India also, they play a critical role in disaster risk reduction, particularly in cyclone-prone regions. Initiatives such as the Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI) are contributing to large-scale restoration efforts. However, globally, the need for stronger policies, financial investments, and community-driven conservation programs remains urgent. By prioritizing mangrove restoration, climate-resilient coastal regions and mitigation of the devastating effects of natural disasters can be achieved.