The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), signed in 1960 between India and Pakistan, with the World Bank acting as a facilitator, defines the framework for the allocation and management of the Indus River system.

According to its provisions, India holds exclusive control over the eastern rivers—Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—while Pakistan retains rights over the western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab. India is allowed limited use of the western rivers for non-consumptive purposes, including hydroelectric projects(subject to specific design constraints).